Consistent mass formulas for the four-dimensional dyonic NUT-charged spacetimes

TL;DR

This paper extends the thermodynamic mass formulas for four-dimensional NUT-charged spacetimes to include dyonic cases, introducing secondary hairs to maintain consistency with the first law and Bekenstein-Smarr relations.

Contribution

It introduces a systematic approach to incorporate dyonic charges into NUT-charged spacetime thermodynamics using secondary hairs, ensuring consistency with fundamental thermodynamic laws.

Findings

Thermodynamic relations hold without new secondary charges for dyonic cases.

Introducing secondary hairs Q_N and P_N rectifies potential inconsistencies in potentials.

The mass formulas and entropy relations are consistent across electric, magnetic, and dyonic NUT-charged spacetimes.

Abstract

In our previous work, a novel idea that the NUT charge can be thought of as a thermodynamical multi-hair has been advocated to describe perfectly the thermodynamical character of the generic four-dimensional Taub-NUT spacetimes. According to this scheme, the Komar mass M, the gravito-magnetic charge and/or the dual (magnetic) mass N, together with a new secondary hair J_N=MN, namely, a Kerr-like conserved angular momentum, enter into the standard forms of the first law and Bekenstein-Smarr mass formula. Distinguished from other recent attempts, our consistent thermodynamic differential and integral mass formulae are both obtainable from a meaningful Christodoulou-Ruffini-type squared mass formula of almost all of the four-dimensional NUT-charged spacetimes. As an excellent consequence, the famous Bekenstein-Hawking one-quarter area-entropy relation can be naturally restored not only in the Lorentzian sector and but also in the Euclidian counterpart of the generic Taub-NUT-type spacetimes without imposing any constraint condition. However, only purely electric-charged cases in the four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell gravity theory with a NUT charge have been addressed there. In this paper, we shall follow the simple, systematic way proposed in that article to further investigate the dyonic NUT-charged case. It is shown that the standard thermodynamic relations continue to hold true provided that no new secondary charge is added, however, the so-obtained electrostatic and magneto-static potentials are not coincident with those computed via the standard method. To rectify this inconsistence, a simple strategy is provided by further introducing two additional secondary hairs: Q_N=QN and P_N=PN, together with their thermodynamical conjugate potentials, so that the first law and Bekenstein-Smarr mass formula are still satisfied.