Non-linear Cherenkov Muon Spectrometer Using Multi-Layer Pressurized C3F8 Gas Radiators

TL;DR

This paper introduces a compact, multi-layer Cherenkov muon spectrometer with non-linear threshold levels using C3F8 gas radiators, achieving improved resolution and photon yield, and successfully reconstructing cosmic ray muon spectra.

Contribution

The study presents a novel design of a Cherenkov muon spectrometer with multi-layer radiators and non-linear thresholds, enhancing performance over previous linear designs.

Findings

Achieved an average classification rate of 90.08% using multiple discriminators.

Successfully reconstructed the cosmic ray muon spectrum within 1σ accuracy.

Improved momentum resolution and photon yield in a compact spectrometer.

Abstract

A new Cherenkov muon spectrometer using diversely sized C3F8 gas radiators and nonlinear threshold muon momentum levels was studied using Geant4 simulations. Despite its compact size (<1m3), the performance of the spectrometer was significantly improved over the earlier design (linear and uniform) in two aspects, (i) a stable momentum measurement resolution and (ii) a balanced expected Cherenkov photon yields in all radiators. In addition, CO2 gas radiators are replaced by heavier gas radiators, C3F8, and the sizes of radiators for high momentum levels (low gas pressure) are enlarged to increase the Cherenkov photon yields. Specifically, the absolute momentum resolution, {\sigma}p, for all levels is replaced by the relative momentum resolution, {\sigma}p/p. To demonstrate the functionality of our proposed Cherenkov muon spectrometer, we presented the results of classification rates as a function of muon momentum with various discriminator levels and reconstructed cosmic ray muon spectrum. When the combination of two or more discriminators are used, the average classification rate is 90.08%. In addition, our proposed Cherenkov muon spectrometer successfully reconstructed the cosmic ray muon spectrum and the results show a good agreement with the actual spectrum within 1{\sigma} in most momentum levels.