Suppressing ZZ Crosstalk of Quantum Computers through Pulse and Scheduling Co-Optimization

TL;DR

This paper presents a scalable co-optimization framework for pulses and scheduling to suppress $ZZ$ crosstalk in quantum computers, significantly improving fidelity without requiring special hardware.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, hardware-agnostic co-optimization approach for pulse and scheduling that effectively suppresses $ZZ$ crosstalk across multiple qubits.

Findings

Simulation shows up to 81x fidelity improvement on 4-12 qubits.

Real quantum computer experiments demonstrate effective $ZZ$ crosstalk elimination.

Method is compatible with various pulse optimization techniques.

Abstract

Noise is a significant obstacle to quantum computing, and $ZZ$ crosstalk is one of the most destructive types of noise affecting superconducting qubits. Previous approaches to suppressing $ZZ$ crosstalk have mainly relied on specific chip design that can complicate chip fabrication and aggravate decoherence. To some extent, special chip design can be avoided by relying on pulse optimization to suppress $ZZ$ crosstalk. However, existing approaches are non-scalable, as their required time and memory grow exponentially with the number of qubits involved. To address the above problems, we propose a scalable approach by co-optimizing pulses and scheduling. We optimize pulses to offer an ability to suppress $ZZ$ crosstalk surrounding a gate, and then design scheduling strategies to exploit this ability and achieve suppression across the whole circuit. A main advantage of such co-optimization is that it does not require special hardware support. Besides, we implement our approach as a general framework that is compatible with different pulse optimization methods. We have conducted extensive evaluations by simulation and on a real quantum computer. Simulation results show that our proposal can improve the fidelity of quantum computing on $4{\sim}12$ qubits by up to $81\times$ ($11\times$ on average). Ramsey experiments on a real quantum computer also demonstrate that our method can eliminate the effect of $ZZ$ crosstalk to a great extent.