A Review of zk-SNARKs
Thomas Chen, Hui Lu, Teeramet Kunpittaya, Alan Luo
TL;DR
This paper reviews the technical foundations, current applications, and novel protocols of zk-SNARKs, highlighting their significance in privacy and blockchain applications, and discussing future innovations like zk-STARKs.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive overview of zk-SNARKs, introduces new protocols for private auctions and blockchain games, and discusses emerging zk-SNARK innovations.
Findings
Detailed explanation of Quadratic Arithmetic Program reduction and Pinocchio protocol
Presentation of novel zk-SNARK protocols for private auctions and blockchain games
Discussion on promising zk-SNARK innovations like zk-STARKs
Abstract
A zk-SNARK is a protocol that lets one party, the prover, prove to another party, the verifier, that a statement about some privately-held information is true without revealing the information itself. This paper describes technical foundations, current applications, and some novel applications of zk-SNARKs. Regarding technical foundations, we go over the Quadratic Arithmetic Program reduction and the Pinocchio protocol. We then go over financial security applications like Zcash and Tornado Cash, and zk-Rollup applications like zkEVM and Darkforest. We propose novel zk-SNARK protocols for private auctions and decentralized card games on the blockchain, providing code for the proposed applications. We conclude by touching on promising zk-SNARK innovations, such as zk-STARKs.
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Taxonomy
TopicsCryptography and Data Security · Blockchain Technology Applications and Security · Advanced Authentication Protocols Security