Quantum phase with coexisting localized, extended, and critical zones

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new quantum phase with coexisting localized, extended, and critical zones in a quasiperiodic spin-orbit coupled lattice, expanding the understanding of mobility edges and quantum localization phenomena.

Contribution

It proposes a novel lattice model exhibiting three coexisting energy-dependent zones and uncovers the mechanisms behind this phase, extending the concept of mobility edges in disordered systems.

Findings

Discovery of a quantum phase with three coexisting zones

Identification of new types of mobility edges separating zones

Proposed experimental methods to detect the phase

Abstract

Conventionally a mobility edge (ME) marks a critical energy that separates two different transport zones where all states are extended and localized, respectively. Here we propose a novel quasiperiodic spin-orbit coupled lattice model with experimental feasibility to realize a fundamentally new quantum phase with three coexisting energy-dependent zones, i.e., the extended, critical and localized zones, and uncover the underlying generic mechanism for the occurrence of the new quantum phase. Accordingly, this phase exhibits new types of MEs which separate the extended states from critical ones, and the localized states from critical ones, respectively. We introduce the diagnostic quantities to characterize and distinguish the different zones, and show that the predicted phase can be detected by measuring the fractal dimension or conductivities. The experimental realization is also proposed and studied. This work extends the concept of ME and enriches the quantum phases in disordered systems, which sheds light on searching for new localization and critical phenomena with novel transport and thermoelectric effects.