X-ray emission from candidate stellar merger remnant TYC 2597-735-1 and its Blue Ring Nebula

TL;DR

This study reports X-ray detection from the candidate stellar merger remnant TYC 2597-735-1 and its Blue Ring Nebula, indicating ongoing magnetic activity and providing insights into post-merger stellar evolution.

Contribution

It presents the first X-ray detection of TYC 2597-735-1, supporting its classification as a merger remnant with active magnetic fields and discusses its potential evolution into an FK Com type star.

Findings

X-ray emission detected from TYC 2597-735-1 with high magnetic activity.

Possible X-ray emission from shock regions in the Blue Ring Nebula.

Supports the merger remnant hypothesis with magnetic dynamo evidence.

Abstract

Tight binary or multiple star systems can interact through mass transfer and follow vastly different evolutionary pathways than single stars. The star TYC 2597-735-1 is a candidate for a recent stellar merger remnant resulting from a coalescence of a low-mass companion with a primary star a few thousand years ago. This violent event is evident in a conical outflow ("Blue Ring Nebula") emitting in UV light and surrounded by leading shock filaments observed in H$\alpha$ and UV emission. From Chandra data, we report the detection of X-ray emission from the location of TYC 2597-735-1 with a luminosity $\log(L_\mathrm{X}/L_\mathrm{bol})=-5.5$. Together with a previously reported period around 14~days, this indicates ongoing stellar activity and the presence of strong magnetic fields on TYC 2597-735-1. Supported by stellar evolution models of merger remnants, we interpret the inferred stellar magnetic field as dynamo action associated with a newly formed convection zone in the atmosphere of TYC 2597-735-1, though internal shocks at the base of an accretion-powered jet cannot be ruled out. We speculate that this object will evolve into an FK Com type source, i.e. a class of rapidly spinning magnetically active stars for which a merger origin has been proposed but for which no relic accretion or large-scale nebula remains visible. We also detect likely X-ray emission from two small regions close to the outer shock fronts in the Blue Ring Nebula, which may arise from either inhomogenities in the circumstellar medium or in the mass and velocity distribution in the merger-driven outflow.