Engineered Dissipation for Quantum Information Science

TL;DR

This paper reviews how engineered dissipation, traditionally seen as harmful, can be harnessed as a powerful tool for quantum measurement, state preparation, and error correction in quantum information science.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of dissipation engineering techniques and their crucial role in advancing practical quantum computing and simulation.

Findings

Dissipation can be controlled to manipulate quantum states effectively.

Dissipation engineering enhances quantum error correction.

It enables scalable quantum simulation.

Abstract

Quantum information processing relies on precise control of non-classical states in the presence of many uncontrolled environmental degrees of freedom -- requiring careful orchestration of how the relevant degrees of freedom interact with that environment. These interactions are often viewed as detrimental, as they dissipate energy and decohere quantum states. Nonetheless, when controlled, dissipation is an essential tool for manipulating quantum information: Dissipation engineering enables quantum measurement, quantum state preparation, and quantum state stabilization. The progress of quantum device technology, marked by improvements of characteristic coherence times and extensible architectures for quantum control, has coincided with the development of such dissipation engineering tools which interface quantum and classical degrees of freedom. This Review presents dissipation as a fundamental aspect of the measurement and control of quantum devices and highlights the role of dissipation engineering for quantum error correction and quantum simulation that enables quantum information processing on a practical scale.