Observability of triple top quark signal at Future Hadron Colliders

TL;DR

This study assesses the potential to observe triple-top quark production at future hadron colliders, analyzing cross-sections, backgrounds, and significance at different energies, highlighting better prospects at higher energies like 27 TeV.

Contribution

It provides a detailed kinematic analysis and significance estimation for triple-top signals at future colliders, which is a novel exploration of their observability.

Findings

Triple-top production cross-sections are computed at various energies.

Observability at HL-LHC (14 TeV) is challenging, but promising at HE-LHC (27 TeV).

Signal significance is quantified for different collider scenarios.

Abstract

This paper is devoted to the Standard Model cross-sections for the production of single top, top quark in pairs, triple-top quarks, and four top-quarks at three different centre of mass-energies e.g., $\sqrt{s}=$7, 10 and 14 TeV at existing particle colliders as well as at Future Hadron Colliders. A fully kinemtaic analysis with the optimized pre-selection cuts along with invariant mass reconstruction of top quarks is performed for triple-top production processes pp$\rightarrow $tttW, tttd,tttb in the presence of Standard Model background. The three signal processes are forced to decay in fully hadronic mode and their significance is computed in High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL$-$LHC) at $\sqrt{s}=$14 TeV and also in High-Energy LHC (HE$-$LHC) at $\sqrt{s}=$27 TeV. It is found that the observability at HL$-$LHC will would not be so easy task and chances are much lower but there are higher chances to observe the signal events at HE$-$LHC. The signal to background ratio and signal significance of all signal and background processes are estimated for both the HL$-$LHC and the HE$-$LHC at $\sqrt{s}$ =14 TeV and $\sqrt{s}$ =27 TeV respectively.