Revisiting mixed geometry

TL;DR

This paper develops a universal framework for constructing graded sheaves on Artin stacks, unifying and extending previous theories in geometric representation theory and categorified knot invariants.

Contribution

It introduces a new construction of mixed versions of categories on Artin stacks that overcomes classical limitations by semi-simplifying Frobenius actions, unifying various existing theories.

Findings

Constructs a symmetric monoidal DG-category of graded sheaves with six-functor formalism.

Provides equivalences with known categories like Soergel bimodules for reductive groups.

Generalizes mixed sheaf theories to arbitrary Artin stacks.

Abstract

We provide a uniform construction of "mixed versions" or "graded lifts" in the sense of Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel which works for arbitrary Artin stacks. In particular, we obtain a general construction of graded lifts of many categories arising in geometric representation theory and categorified knot invariants. Our new theory associates to each Artin stack of finite type $\mathcal{Y}$ over $\overline{\mathbb{F}}_q$ a symmetric monoidal DG-category $\mathsf{Shv}_{\mathsf{gr}, c}(\mathcal{Y})$ of constructible graded sheaves on $\mathcal{Y}$ along with the six-functor formalism, a perverse $t$-structure, and a weight (or co-$t$-)structure in the sense of Bondarko and Pauksztello, compatible with the six-functor formalism, perverse $t$-structures, and Frobenius weights on the category of (mixed) $\ell$-adic sheaves. Classically, mixed versions were only constructed in very special cases due to the non-semisimplicity of Frobenius. Our construction sidesteps this issue by semi-simplifying the Frobenius action itself. However, the category $\mathsf{Shv}_{\mathsf{gr}, c}(\mathcal{Y})$ agrees with those previously constructed when they are available. For example, for any reductive group $G$ with a fixed pair $T\subset B$ of a maximal torus and a Borel subgroup, we have an equivalence of monoidal DG weight categories $\mathsf{Shv}_{\mathsf{gr}, c}(B\backslash G/B) \simeq \mathsf{Ch}^b(\mathsf{SBim}_W)$, where $\mathsf{Ch}^b(\mathsf{SBim}_W)$ is the monoidal $\mathsf{DG}$-category of bounded chain complexes of Soergel bimodules and $W$ is the Weyl group of $G$.