Creating an institutional ecosystem for cash transfer programming: Lessons from post-disaster governance in Indonesia

TL;DR

This paper examines how NGOs and governments can effectively implement cash transfer programs post-disaster in Indonesia by restoring relations between the state, citizens, and markets, using a new ecosystem framework.

Contribution

It introduces a novel conceptual framework for humanitarian cash transfer ecosystems, emphasizing institutional relationships and multi-stakeholder coordination in post-disaster contexts.

Findings

NGOs must restore state-citizen relations for effective cash transfers

Linking communities with private sectors boosts local livelihoods

A new ecosystem framework guides post-disaster cash transfer strategies

Abstract

Humanitarian and disaster management actors have increasingly adopted cash transfer to reduce the sufferings and vulnerability of the survivors. Case transfers have also been used as a critical instrument in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, academic work on humanitarian and disaster-cash transfer related issues remains limited. This article explores how NGOs and governments implement humanitarian cash transfer in a post-disaster setting using an exploratory research strategy. It asks What are institutional constraints and opportunities faced by humanitarian emergency responders in ensuring an effective humanitarian cash transfer and how humanitarian actors address such institutional conditions. We introduced a new conceptual framework, namely humanitarian and disaster management ecosystem for cash transfer. This framework allows non-governmental actors to restore complex relations between the state, disaster survivors or citizen, local market economy and civil society. Mixed methods and multistage research strategy were used to collect and analyze primary and secondary data. The findings suggest that implementing cash transfers in the context of post tsunamigenic earthquakes and liquefaction hazards, NGOs must co-create an ecosystem of response that not only aimed at restoring peoples access to cash and basic needs but first they must restore relations between the states and their citizen while linking the at-risk communities with the private sectors to jump-starting local livelihoods and market economy.