Stellar mass as the "glocal" driver of galaxies' stellar population properties

TL;DR

This study reveals that stellar mass acts as a 'glocal' driver influencing both local and global stellar population properties in galaxies, with distinct relations for age and metallicity depending on mass and galaxy type.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of stellar mass as a 'glocal' factor affecting local and global galaxy properties, supported by analysis of integral-field spectroscopic data.

Findings

Existence of dual mu*-Agewr relation with young and old sequences.

Global mass parameters influence local relations up to a threshold mass.

Different global mass-metallicity relations for quiescent and star-forming galaxies.

Abstract

The properties of the stellar populations in a galaxy are known to correlate with the amount and the distribution of stellar mass. We take advantage of the maps of light-weighted mean stellar age Agewr and metallicity Z*wr for a sample of 362 galaxies from the integral-field spectroscopic survey CALIFA (summing up to >600,000 individual regions of approximately 1 kpc linear size), produced in our previous works, to investigate how these local properties react to the local stellar-mass surface density mu* and to the global total stellar mass M* and mean stellar-mass surface density <mu>e. We establish the existence of i) a dual mu*-Agewr relation, resulting in a young sequence and an old ridge, and ii) a mu*-Z*wr relation, overall independent of the age of the regions. The global mass parameters (M* and, possibly secondarily, <mu>e) determine the distribution of mu* in a galaxy and set the maximum attainable mu*, which increases with M*. M* affects the shape and normalization of the local relations up to a threshold mass of $\sim 10^{10.3}$ MSun, above which they remain unchanged. We conclude that stellar mass is a "glocal" (i.e. simultaneously global and local) driver of the stellar population properties. We consider how the local and global mass-age and mass-metallicity relations are connected, and in particular discuss how it is possible, from a single local relation, to produce two different global mass-metallicity relations for quiescent and star-forming galaxies respectively, as reported in the literature. Structural differences in these two classes of galaxies are key to explain the duality in global scaling relations and appear as essential in modelling the baryonic cycle of galaxies.