Efficient approximation of cardiac mechanics through reduced order modeling with deep learning-based operator approximation

TL;DR

This paper introduces Deep-HyROMnet, a deep learning-enhanced reduced order modeling technique that significantly accelerates cardiac mechanics simulations, enabling faster and more efficient patient-specific analyses.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel deep learning-based operator approximation integrated with reduced basis methods for cardiac mechanics, surpassing traditional hyper-reduction techniques in speed and accuracy.

Findings

Achieves orders of magnitude faster cardiac simulations.

Provides reliable approximations outperforming classical ROMs.

Enables feasible uncertainty quantification in cardiac modeling.

Abstract

Reducing the computational time required by high-fidelity, full order models (FOMs) for the solution of problems in cardiac mechanics is crucial to allow the translation of patient-specific simulations into clinical practice. While FOMs, such as those based on the finite element method, provide valuable information of the cardiac mechanical function, up to hundreds of thousands degrees of freedom may be needed to obtain accurate numerical results. As a matter of fact, simulating even just a few heartbeats can require hours to days of CPU time even on powerful supercomputers. In addition, cardiac models depend on a set of input parameters that we could let vary in order to explore multiple virtual scenarios. To compute reliable solutions at a greatly reduced computational cost, we rely on a reduced basis method empowered with a new deep-learning based operator approximation, which we refer to as Deep-HyROMnet technique. Our strategy combines a projection-based POD-Galerkin method with deep neural networks for the approximation of (reduced) nonlinear operators, overcoming the typical computational bottleneck associated with standard hyper-reduction techniques. This method is shown to provide reliable approximations to cardiac mechanics problems outperforming classical projection-based ROMs in terms of computational speed-up of orders of magnitude, and enhancing forward uncertainty quantification analysis otherwise unaffordable.