Light ring images of double photon spheres in black hole and wormhole space-times
Merce Guerrero, Gonzalo J. Olmo, Diego Rubiera-Garcia, Diego, S\'aez-Chill\'on G\'omez

TL;DR
This paper investigates light ring images of double photon spheres in black hole and wormhole spacetimes, showing that multiple critical curves can produce distinctive observational signatures, potentially distinguishing black holes from mimickers.
Contribution
It introduces a family of spherically symmetric geometries with double critical curves and demonstrates how additional light rings could serve as evidence for black hole mimickers.
Findings
Presence of additional light rings between two critical curves.
Observation of multiple critical curves could indicate black hole mimickers.
Distinctive light ring patterns depend on spacetime geometry.
Abstract
The silhouette of a black hole having a critical curve (an unstable bound photon orbit) when illuminated by an optically thin accretion disk whose emission is confined to the equatorial plane shows a distinctive central brightness depression (the shadow) whose outer edge consists of a series of strongly lensed, self-similar rings superimposed with the disk's direct emission. While the size and shape of the critical curve depend only on the background geometry, the pattern of bright and dark regions (including the size and depth of the shadow itself) in the image is strongly influenced by the (astro)physics of the accretion disk. This aspect makes it difficult to extract clean and clear observational discriminators between the Kerr black hole and other compact objects. In the presence of a second critical curve, however, observational differences become apparent. In this work we shall…
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