Effects of non-standard interaction on microscopic black holes from ultra-high energy neutrinos

TL;DR

This paper investigates how non-standard interactions influence the production of microscopic black holes and related shower events from ultra-high energy neutrinos, aiming to identify signatures of TeV-scale gravity.

Contribution

It analyzes the impact of non-standard interactions on black hole and non-black hole event rates from ultra-high energy neutrinos, highlighting their potential as signatures of TeV-scale gravity.

Findings

Non-standard interactions have negligible effect on black hole event rates.

Marginal deviations occur in non-black hole events due to new physics.

Large event excess could indicate microscopic black hole production in TeV gravity theories.

Abstract

If the universe has more than 4-dimensions, the TeV scale gravity theories predict formation of microscopic black holes due to interaction of ultra high energy neutrinos coming from some extragalactic origin with the nucleons present in the Earth's atmosphere. The decay of these black holes can generate high multiplicity events which can be detected through neutrino telescopes. Ultra high energy neutrinos can also produce events without the formation of black holes which can be distinguished from the black hole events depending on their topological structure. In this work we study the effects of non-standard interaction on the production of these shower events. We find that new physics has inconsequential impact on the number of events produced through the generation of black holes. For events produced without the formation of black holes, new physics can only provide a marginal deviation. Therefore a large enhancement in the number of shower events over the standard model prediction can provide unambiguous signatures of TeV scale gravity in the form of microscopic black hole production.