Compact quantum kernel-based binary classifier
Carsten Blank, Adenilton J. da Silva, Lucas P. de Albuquerque,, Francesco Petruccione, Daniel K. Park

TL;DR
This paper introduces the simplest quantum circuit for a kernel-based binary classifier, reducing qubits and steps, simplifying measurements, and handling imbalanced data efficiently, advancing practical quantum machine learning applications.
Contribution
It generalizes interference circuits with compact amplitude encoding to create a minimal quantum classifier with fewer qubits and simpler measurement procedures.
Findings
Reduces qubits by two compared to previous methods.
Decreases the number of steps linearly with training data.
Simplifies measurement to single-qubit with post-selection.
Abstract
Quantum computing opens exciting opportunities for kernel-based machine learning methods, which have broad applications in data analysis. Recent works show that quantum computers can efficiently construct a model of a classifier by engineering the quantum interference effect to carry out the kernel evaluation in parallel. For practical applications of these quantum machine learning methods, an important issue is to minimize the size of quantum circuits. We present the simplest quantum circuit for constructing a kernel-based binary classifier. This is achieved by generalizing the interference circuit to encode data labels in the relative phases of the quantum state and by introducing compact amplitude encoding, which encodes two training data vectors into one quantum register. When compared to the simplest known quantum binary classifier, the number of qubits is reduced by two and the…
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