Detection of two additional circumbinary planets around Kepler-451

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery of two additional Jovian planets around Kepler-451, confirmed through eclipse timing variations, and analyzes their orbital parameters and system stability.

Contribution

It presents the detection of two new circumbinary planets around Kepler-451, expanding the known planetary system and providing detailed orbital characteristics and stability analysis.

Findings

Inner planet with 43-day period and 1.76 Mjup mass

Outer planet with ~1800-day period and 1.61 Mjup mass

System is dynamically stable

Abstract

We announce the detection of two new planetary-mass companions around Kepler-451 binary system in addition to the one detected previously based on eclipse timing variation analysis. We found that an inner planet with 43 d period with a minimum mass of 1.76 Mjup and an outer one with a $\sim$ 1800 d orbital period with a minimum mass of 1.61 Mjup can explain the periodic variations in the residuals of the one-planet fit of the eclipse timings. We updated the orbital period of the middle planet as 406 d, and determined its eccentricity as 0.33. The newly discovered outer planet is also on an eccentric orbit (0.29), while the innermost planet was assumed to have a circular orbit. All three Jovian planets have similar masses, and our dynamical stability test yields that the system is stable.