Deep inelastic collision of two-dimensional anisotropic dipolar condensate solitons

TL;DR

This paper investigates the static and dynamic behaviors of anisotropic dipolar solitons in quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing quasi-elastic collisions at high velocities and inelastic coalescence at low velocities.

Contribution

It provides a detailed numerical analysis of anisotropic dipolar soliton collisions, highlighting new inelastic behaviors and mode excitations not observed in nondipolar BECs.

Findings

High-velocity collisions are quasi-elastic.

Low-velocity collisions lead to soliton coalescence.

Post-collision solitons exhibit excited modes and directional changes.

Abstract

The possibility of generating stable anisotropic solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) leads to a different scenario not possible in a nondipolar BEC with contact interaction. We study the statics and dynamics of anisotropic bright solitons in quasi-two-dimensional BECs consisting of polarized dipolar atoms.We study the collision dynamics of two such solitons at different velocities for different angles between the polarization and collision directions. The collision is found to be quasi elastic at large velocities. At small velocities the collision is inelastic leading to the formation of a coalesced soliton in an excited scissors mode, monopole mode or quadrupole mode. Also, at small velocities, after collision, a large change of direction of motion of the solitons is possible. The investigation is performed through a numerical solution of the underlying mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation.