Solving particle-antiparticle and cosmological constant problems

TL;DR

This paper proposes a new framework where fundamental objects are irreducible representations of de Sitter algebra, addressing particle-antiparticle and cosmological constant problems without dark energy or background space.

Contribution

It introduces a de Sitter algebra-based approach that explains particle properties and cosmological acceleration without dark energy or background geometry, challenging traditional assumptions.

Findings

Particles and antiparticles emerge from de Sitter IRs in the large R limit.

Cosmological acceleration is a kinematic effect explained without dark energy.

The cosmological constant is directly related to the de Sitter radius R.

Abstract

We argue that fundamental objects in particle theory are not elementary particles and antiparticles but objects described by irreducible representations (IRs) of the de Sitter (dS) algebra. One might ask why, then, experimental data give the impression that particles and antiparticles are fundamental and there are conserved additive quantum numbers (electric charge, baryon quantum number and others). The matter is that, at the present stage of the universe, the contraction parameter $R$ from the dS to the Poincare algebra is very large and, in the formal limit $R\to\infty$, one IR of the dS algebra splits into two IRs of the Poincare algebra corresponding to a particle and its antiparticle with the same masses. The problem why the quantities $(c,\hbar,R)$ are as are does not arise because they are contraction parameters for transitions from more general Lie algebras to less general ones. Then the baryon asymmetry of the universe problem does not arise. At the present stage of the universe, the phenomenon of cosmological acceleration (PCA) is described without uncertainties as an inevitable {\it kinematical} consequence of quantum theory in semiclassical approximation. In particular, it is not necessary to involve dark energy the physical meaning of which is a mystery. In our approach, background space and its geometry are not used and $R$ has nothing to do with the radius of dS space. In semiclassical approximation, the results for PCA are the same as in General Relativity if $\Lambda=3/R^2$, i.e., $\Lambda>0$ and there is no freedom in choosing the value of $\Lambda$.