Complex Langevin studies of the emergent space-time in the type IIB matrix model

TL;DR

This paper uses complex Langevin Monte Carlo methods to study a simplified version of the type IIB matrix model, exploring how a (3+1)D universe might dynamically emerge from a non-perturbative quantum gravity framework.

Contribution

It introduces a non-perturbative Monte Carlo approach with complex Langevin dynamics to investigate emergent space-time in a simplified type IIB matrix model.

Findings

Evidence of a transition from Euclidean to Lorentzian signature

Indications of (3+1)D universe emergence

Potential insights into quantum gravity and string theory

Abstract

The type IIB matrix model has been proposed as a non-perturbative definition of superstring theory since 1996. We study a simplified model that describes the late time behavior of the type IIB matrix model non-perturbatively using Monte Carlo methods, and we use the complex Langevin method to overcome the sign problem. We investigate a scenario where the space-time signature changes dynamically from Euclidean at early times to Lorentzian at late times. We discuss the possibility of the emergence of the (3+1)D expanding universe.