Multiple feedback based wavefront shaping method to retrieve hidden signal

TL;DR

This paper introduces a wavefront shaping technique that combines traditional feedback with a switch function to locate and retrieve signals hidden within scattering media, demonstrated through experiments with biological samples.

Contribution

The method innovatively integrates a switch-controlled feedback mechanism with wavefront shaping to improve detection and localization of hidden signals in scattering media.

Findings

Successfully locates hidden fluorescent beads behind scattering media.

Enhances signal retrieval by switching feedback based on signal response.

Demonstrates potential for non-invasive biological diagnostics.

Abstract

We present an optical wavefront shaping approach that allows tracking and localization of signal hidden inside or behind a scattering medium. The method combines traditional feedback based wavefront shaping together with a switch function, controlled by two different signals. A simple, in transmission imaging system is used with two detectors: one monitors the speckle signature and the other tracks the fully hidden signal (e.g., fluorescent beads). The algorithm initially finds the optimal incident wavefront to maximize light transmission to generate a focus in the scattering medium. This modulation process redirects the scattered input signal inducing instantaneous changes in both monitored signals, which in turn locates the hidden objects. Once the response from the hidden target becomes distinct, the algorithm switches to use this signal as the feedback. We provide experimental demonstrations as a proof of concept of our approach. Potential applications of our method include extracting information from biological samples and developing non-invasive diagnosis methods.