Virtual Classes of Character Stacks

TL;DR

This paper extends a Topological Quantum Field Theory to compute virtual classes of character stacks, providing explicit motivic decompositions for surfaces and new insights into non-connected groups.

Contribution

It introduces a Grothendieck ring of stacks framework to compute virtual classes of character stacks, generalizing previous methods to new group cases.

Findings

Explicit virtual classes for surfaces of arbitrary genus.

Complete virtual class for the affine linear group of rank 1.

Motivic computations for non-connected groups where classical methods fail.

Abstract

In this paper, we extend the Topological Quantum Field Theory developed by Gonz\'alez-Prieto, Logares, and Mu\~noz for computing virtual classes of $G$-representation varieties of closed orientable surfaces in the Grothendieck ring of varieties to the setting of the character stacks. To this aim, we define a suitable Grothendieck ring of representable stacks, over which this Topological Quantum Field Theory is defined. In this way, we compute the virtual class of the character stack over $BG$, that is, a motivic decomposition of the representation variety with respect to the natural adjoint action. We apply this framework in two cases providing explicit expressions for the virtual classes of the character stacks of closed orientable surfaces of arbitrary genus. First, in the case of the affine linear group of rank $1$, the virtual class of the character stack fully remembers the natural adjoint action, in particular, the virtual class of the character variety can be straightforwardly derived. Second, we consider the non-connected group $\mathbb{G}_m \rtimes \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$, and we show how our theory allows us to compute motivic information of the character stacks where the classical na\"ive point-counting method fails.