Active tuning of plasmon damping via light induced magnetism

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that circularly polarized light can induce magnetism in plasmonic nanostructures, significantly reducing plasmon damping and enhancing optical field concentration, enabling active control of optical losses.

Contribution

It reveals how the inverse Faraday effect can be used to actively tune plasmon damping in nanostructures through light polarization control.

Findings

78% increase in reflectance with circular polarization

35.7% increase in optical field concentration

Effective magnetic field of ~1.3 T during excitation

Abstract

Circularly polarized optical excitation of plasmonic nanostructures causes coherent circulating motion of their electrons, which in turn, gives rise to strong optically induced magnetization - a phenomenon known as the inverse Faraday effect (IFE). In this study we report how the IFE also significantly decreases plasmon damping. By modulating the optical polarization state incident on achiral plasmonic nanostructures from linear to circular, we observe reversible increases of reflectance by 78% as well as simultaneous increases of optical field concentration by 35.7% under 10^9 W/m^2 continuous wave (CW) optical excitation. These signatures of decreased plasmon damping were also monitored in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field (0.2 T). The combined interactions allow an estimate of the light-induced magnetization, which corresponds to an effective magnetic field of ~1.3 T during circularly polarized CW excitation (10^9 W/m^2). We rationalize the observed decreases in plasmon damping in terms of the Lorentz forces acting on the circulating electron trajectories. Our results outline strategies for actively modulating intrinsic losses in the metal, and thereby, the optical mode quality and field concentration via opto-magnetic effects encoded in the polarization state of incident light.