Industry 4.0 in Health care: A systematic review

TL;DR

This systematic review analyzes how Industry 4.0 technologies like IoT, blockchain, and big data have transformed healthcare, especially during COVID-19, by improving data security, resource management, and patient tracking.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive bibliometric and qualitative analysis of Industry 4.0's impact on healthcare systems through recent peer-reviewed literature.

Findings

Industry 4.0 technologies aid in patient data management and COVID-19 mitigation.

During COVID-19, healthcare and Industry 4.0 merged to address crises.

Technologies like IoT, blockchain, and big data are central to healthcare innovation.

Abstract

Industry 4.0 in health care has evolved drastically over the past century. In fact, it is evolving every day, with new tools and strategies being developed by physicians and researchers alike. Health care and technology have been intertwined together with the advancement of cloud computing and big data. This study aims to analyze the impact of industry 4.0 in health care systems. To do so, a systematic literature review was carried out considering peer-reviewed articles extracted from the two popular databases: Scopus and Web of Science (WoS). PRISMA statement 2015 was used to include and exclude that data. At first, a bibliometric analysis was carried out using 346 articles considering the following factors: publication by year, journal, authors, countries, institutions, authors' keywords, and citations. Finally, qualitative analysis was carried out based on selected 32 articles considering the following factors: a conceptual framework, schedule problems, security, COVID-19, digital supply chain, and blockchain technology. Study finding suggests that during the onset of COVID-19, health care and industry 4.0 has been merged and evolved jointly, considering various crisis such as data security, resource allocation, and data transparency. Industry 4.0 enables many technologies such as the internet of things (IoT), blockchain, big data, cloud computing, machine learning, deep learning, information, and communication technologies (ICT) to track patients' records and helps reduce social transmission COVID-19 and so on. The study findings will give future researchers and practitioners some insights regarding the integration of health care and Industry 4.0.