Milky Way and M31 rotation curves: $\Lambda$CDM vs. MOND
De-Chang Dai, Glenn Starkman, Dejan Stojkovic

TL;DR
This paper compares observed rotation curves of the Milky Way and M31 with predictions from $ ext{Lambda}$CDM and MOND models, revealing a downward trend at low accelerations that challenges these theories.
Contribution
It provides a detailed analysis of galaxy rotation curves at large distances, highlighting discrepancies with standard models and discussing potential explanations.
Findings
Downward trend in weak acceleration regime observed in data
Similar trend found in $ ext{Lambda}$CDM EAGLE simulation
Deviation from MOND predictions may be due to external field effects
Abstract
We analyze the existing rotation-curve data of the Milky Way and M31 galaxies that extends to very large distances and low accelerations. We find a systematic downward trend in the weak acceleration (large distances) segment of the radial acceleration. A similar downward trend has been noticed in the CDM EAGLE simulation, while the deviation from the generic MOND prediction would need to be ascribed to an external field effect, or possibly a post facto selected acceleration function .
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