A machine learning-based methodology for pulse classification in dual-phase xenon time projection chambers

TL;DR

This paper presents a machine learning methodology for classifying signals in dual-phase xenon time projection chambers, achieving over 99% accuracy and aiding in data analysis and anomaly detection.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive machine learning approach, including data analysis, feature ranking, and predictive modeling, tailored for particle detector signal classification.

Findings

Achieved >99% classification accuracy

Improved over conventional algorithms

Enabled anomaly detection in detector data

Abstract

Machine learning techniques are now well established in experimental particle physics, allowing detector data to be analysed in new and unique ways. The identification of signals in particle observatories is an essential data processing task that can potentially be improved using such methods. This paper aims at exploring the benefits that a dedicated machine learning approach might provide to the classification of signals in dual-phase noble gas time projection chambers. A full methodology is presented, from exploratory data analysis using Gaussian mixture models and feature importance ranking to the construction of dedicated predictive models based on standard implementations of neural networks and random forests, validated using unlabelled simulated data from the LZ experiment as a proxy to real data. The global classification accuracy of the predictive models developed in this work is estimated to be >99.0%, which is an improvement over conventional algorithms tested with the same data. The results from the clustering analysis were also used to identify anomalies in the data caused by miscalculated signal properties, showing that this methodology can also be used for data monitoring.