Chiral phase transition of a dense, magnetized and rotating quark matter

TL;DR

This paper studies how magnetic fields and rotation affect chiral symmetry in dense quark matter using the NJL model, revealing complex interactions and phase diagram behaviors, including inverse-rotational catalysis and magnetic effects.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of chiral phase transitions in rotating, magnetized quark matter, including phase diagrams and the critical end point, with novel insights into inverse-rotational catalysis.

Findings

Inverse-rotational catalysis decreases critical temperature with increasing rotation.

Magnetic field effects on critical temperature depend on rotation speed.

Critical end point position is precisely determined.

Abstract

We investigate the chiral symmetry restoration/breaking of a dense, magnetized and rotating quark matter within the Nambu Jona-Lasinio model including $N_f=2$ and $N_c=3$ numbers of flavors and colors, respectively. Imposing the spectral boundary conditions, as well as the positiveness of energy levels, lead to a correlation between the magnetic and rotation fields such that strongly magnetized plasma can not rotate anymore. We solve the gap equation at zero and finite temperature. At finite temperature and baryon chemical potential $\mu_B$, we sketch the phase diagrams $T_c(\mu_B)$ and $T_c(R\Omega)$ in different cases. As a result, we always observe inverse-rotational catalysis mean to decrease $T_c$ by increasing $R\Omega$. But the magnetic field has a more complex structure in the phase diagram. For slowly rotating plasma, we find that $T_c$ decreases by increasing $eB$, while in the fast rotating plasma we see that $T_c$ increases by increasing $eB$. Also, we locate exactly the position of Critical End Point by solving the equations of first and second derivatives of effective action with respect to the order parameters, simultaneously.