Non-Markovian anti-parity-time symmetric systems: theory and experiment

TL;DR

This paper introduces a non-Markovian anti-$ ext{PT}$ symmetric system with time delay, demonstrating unique eigenvalue behavior and mode transitions through theoretical analysis and experiments with coupled semiconductor lasers.

Contribution

It presents the first non-Markovian anti-$ ext{PT}$ symmetric model with a time delay encoding memory, supported by experimental validation in laser systems.

Findings

Time delay induces amplifying-to-decaying mode transitions.

Experimental observations match theoretical predictions.

Signatures include constant-width sideband oscillations.

Abstract

Open systems with anti parity-time (anti $\mathcal{PT}$-) or $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry exhibit a rich phenomenology absent in their Hermitian counterparts. To date all model systems and their diverse realizations across classical and quantum platforms have been local in time, i.e. Markovian. Here we propose a non-Markovian system with anti-$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry where a single time-delay encodes the memory, and experimentally demonstrate its consequences with two time-delay coupled semiconductor lasers. A transcendental characteristic equation with infinitely many eigenvalue pairs sets our model apart. We show that a sequence of amplifying-to-decaying dominant mode transitions is induced by the time delay in our minimal model. The signatures of these transitions quantitatively match results obtained from four, coupled, nonlinear rate equations for laser dynamics, and are experimentally observed as constant-width sideband oscillations in the laser intensity profiles. Our work introduces a new paradigm of non-Hermitian systems with memory, paves the way for their realization in classical systems, and may apply to time-delayed feedback-control for quantum systems.