Modelling annual scintillation arc variations in PSR J1643-1224 using the Large European Array for Pulsars

TL;DR

This study analyzes five years of scintillation arc variations in PSR J1643-1224 using LEAP, revealing the nature and location of scattering screens in the interstellar medium through modeling arc curvature changes.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of scintillation arc variations over time and models the scattering screens as either isotropic or two independent 1D screens, linking them to known interstellar structures.

Findings

Scattering screen distance estimated between 114-223 pc.

Arc curvature varies seasonally, indicating changing scattering conditions.

Foreground HII region Sh 2-27 likely dominates scattering.

Abstract

In this work we study variations in the parabolic scintillation arcs of the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J1643-1224 over five years using the Large European Array for Pulsars (LEAP). The 2D power spectrum of scintillation, called the secondary spectrum, often shows a parabolic distribution of power, where the arc curvature encodes the relative velocities and distances of the pulsar, ionised interstellar medium (IISM), and Earth. We observe a clear parabolic scintillation arc which varies in curvature throughout the year. The distribution of power in the secondary spectra are inconsistent with a single scattering screen which is fully 1D, or entirely isotropic. We fit the observed arc curvature variations with two models; an isotropic scattering screen, and a model with two independent 1D screens. We measure the distance to the scattering screen to be in the range 114-223 pc, depending on the model, consistent with the known distance of the foreground large-diameter HII region Sh 2-27 (112+/-17 pc), suggesting that it is the dominant source of scattering. We obtain only weak constraints on the pulsar's orbital inclination and angle of periastron, since the scintillation pattern is not very sensitive to the pulsar's motion, since the screen is much closer to the Earth than the pulsar. More measurements of this kind - where scattering screens can be associated with foreground objects - will help to inform the origins and distribution of scattering screens within our galaxy.