Schwinger effect and a uniformly accelerated observer

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the Schwinger effect for fermions in constant electromagnetic fields from the perspective of a uniformly accelerated observer, exploring particle creation spectra and the interplay with the Unruh effect.

Contribution

It provides a closed-form solution to the Dirac equation in Rindler spacetime and constructs global modes to study particle creation under combined electromagnetic and acceleration effects.

Findings

Particle spectra depend on electromagnetic field strength

Both Schwinger and Unruh effects contribute to particle creation

The study offers insights into quantum entanglement implications

Abstract

This article investigates the Schwinger effect for fermions with background electric and magnetic fields of constant strengths from the point of view of a uniformly accelerated or the Rindler observer. The Dirac equation is solved in a closed form, and the field quantisation in the $(3+1)$-dimensional Rindler spacetime is performed. The orthonormal local in and out modes for the causally disconnected right and left wedges and the Bogoliubov relations between them are obtained. Next, the global modes are constructed to cover the whole spacetime, and the Bogoliubov relationship between the local and global operators is found. Using them the squeezed state expansion of the global vacuum in terms of local states is acquired and accordingly, the spectra of created particles is found. Clearly, there are two sources of particle creation in this scenario -- the Schwinger as well as the Unruh effects. Our chief aim is to investigate the role of the strength of the background electromagnetic fields on the spectra of created particles. We also discuss very briefly some possible implication of this result in the context of quantum entanglement.