High-resolution Ecosystem Mapping in Repetitive Environments Using Dual Camera SLAM

TL;DR

This paper introduces a dual-camera SLAM system combining a wide-angle localization camera with a high-resolution downward camera to produce detailed 3D ecosystem maps in visually repetitive environments, outperforming traditional SfM methods.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel dual-camera SLAM approach that integrates wide-angle localization with high-resolution documentation for improved mapping in repetitive environments.

Findings

Outperforms state-of-the-art SfM in repetitive environments

Produces more accurate and detailed 3D maps

Effective in environmental monitoring applications

Abstract

Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques are being increasingly used to create 3D maps from images in many domains including environmental monitoring. However, SfM techniques are often confounded in visually repetitive environments as they rely primarily on globally distinct image features. Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) techniques offer a potential solution in visually repetitive environments since they use local feature matching, but SLAM approaches work best with wide-angle cameras that are often unsuitable for documenting the environmental system of interest. We resolve this issue by proposing a dual-camera SLAM approach that uses a forward facing wide-angle camera for localization and a downward facing narrower angle, high-resolution camera for documentation. Video frames acquired by the forward facing camera video are processed using a standard SLAM approach providing a trajectory of the imaging system through the environment which is then used to guide the registration of the documentation camera images. Fragmentary maps, initially produced from the documentation camera images via monocular SLAM, are subsequently scaled and aligned with the localization camera trajectory and finally subjected to a global optimization procedure to produce a unified, refined map. An experimental comparison with several state-of-the-art SfM approaches shows the dual-camera SLAM approach to perform better in repetitive environmental systems based on select samples of ground control point markers.