Voltage-Based State of Charge Correction at Charge-End

TL;DR

This paper introduces a voltage-based correction method for battery state of charge estimation at the charge-end, utilizing voltage thresholds and maximum cell voltage to improve accuracy during charging completion.

Contribution

It presents a novel voltage threshold-based algorithm that accurately detects charge-end and corrects SOC estimation using maximum cell voltage and charge rate.

Findings

Improved SOC accuracy at charge completion

Effective detection of charge-end using voltage thresholds

Correction method maintains SOC at 100% upon charge completion

Abstract

A voltage-based method is proposed to correct battery pack state of charge (SOC) estimation at the charge-end. Two main characteristics make the charge-end time span a good opportunity to correct SOC estimation: first, it is easy to detect when the battery is at the last stage of charging because the charging profile is known to the BMS designer and also during the charge-end time span the amount of current is low, and the terminal voltage of the battery cells are high; second, as the battery reaches the charge-end stage, we know that the true SOC is approaching to 100%. This paper presents a method to utilize these important features to correct the SOC estimation error. Using a voltage threshold method, the algorithm detects when the battery is close to the charge-end to activate the charge-end SOC correction strategy. Once activated, the strategy corrects the SOC using the maximum cell voltage to guarantee that SOC is 100% when charging is complete. The amount of correction is a function of maximum cell voltage and the charge current C-rate.