VISAS -- Detecting GPS spoofing attacks against drones by analyzing camera's video stream

TL;DR

This paper introduces a real-time GPS spoofing detection method for drones using video stream analysis, capable of identifying attacks with high accuracy in various operational conditions.

Contribution

It presents a novel video-based GPS spoofing detection technique validated through both simulated and real-world drone experiments.

Findings

Effective detection of GPS spoofing within 1-4 meters in urban drone flights.

Validated method performance in controlled and real-world environments.

Provides adjustable security levels based on detection intervals.

Abstract

In this study, we propose an innovative method for the real-time detection of GPS spoofing attacks targeting drones, based on the video stream captured by a drone's camera. The proposed method collects frames from the video stream and their location (GPS); by calculating the correlation between each frame, our method can identify an attack on a drone. We first analyze the performance of the suggested method in a controlled environment by conducting experiments on a flight simulator that we developed. Then, we analyze its performance in the real world using a DJI drone. Our method can provide different levels of security against GPS spoofing attacks, depending on the detection interval required; for example, it can provide a high level of security to a drone flying at an altitude of 50-100 meters over an urban area at an average speed of 4 km/h in conditions of low ambient light; in this scenario, the method can provide a level of security that detects any GPS spoofing attack in which the spoofed location is a distance of 1-4 meters (an average of 2.5 meters) from the real location.