NMR investigations of quantum battery using star-topology spin systems

TL;DR

This paper experimentally investigates quantum batteries using NMR star-topology spin systems, demonstrating quantum advantage, entanglement-based measures, and practical charging/discharging cycles.

Contribution

It provides the first experimental validation of quantum battery concepts with NMR, including entanglement effects and asymptotic charging methods.

Findings

Quantum advantage depends on entanglement among spins.

Successful realization of charging and discharging cycles.

Demonstration of battery energy consumption over two minutes.

Abstract

Theoretical explorations have revealed that quantum batteries can exploit quantum correlation to achieve faster charging, thus promising exciting applications in future technologies. Using NMR architecture, here we experimentally investigate various aspects of quantum battery with the help of nuclear spin systems in star-topology configuration. We first carry out numerical analysis to study how charging a quantum battery depends on the relative purity factors of charger and battery spins. By experimentally measuring the polarization of the battery spin undergoing charging, we estimate the battery energy and establish the theoretically predicted quantum advantage. We propose using the quantum advantage, which depends on the entanglement among chargers and battery, as a measure for estimating the size of the entangled cluster. We develop a simple iterative method to realize asymptotic charging avoiding oscillatory behaviour of charging and discharging. Finally, we introduce a load spin and realize a charger-battery-load circuit and experimentally demonstrate battery energy consumption after varying durations of battery storage, for up to two minutes.