Accidental symmetries in the scalar potential of the Standard Model extended with two Higgs triplets

TL;DR

This paper classifies all accidental symmetries in the scalar potential of a two-Higgs-triplet extension of the Standard Model, analyzing their implications for vacuum structure and mass spectra.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive classification of accidental symmetries in the 2HTM scalar potential using bilinear-field formalism, including the maximal SO(4) symmetry and its effects.

Findings

Maximal symmetry group identified as SO(4)

Eight types of accidental symmetries classified

Bounded-from-below conditions derived for specific symmetries

Abstract

The extension of the Standard Model (SM) with two Higgs triplets offers an appealing way to account for both tiny Majorana neutrino masses via the type-II seesaw mechanism and the cosmological matter-antimatter asymmetry via the triplet leptogenesis. In this paper, we classify all possible accidental symmetries in the scalar potential of the two-Higgs-triplet model (2HTM). Based on the bilinear-field formalism, we show that the maximal symmetry group of the 2HTM potential is ${\rm SO(4)}$ and eight types of accidental symmetries in total can be identified. Furthermore, we examine the impact of the couplings between the SM Higgs doublet and the Higgs triplets on the accidental symmetries. The bounded-from-below conditions on the scalar potential with specific accidental symmetries are also derived. Taking the ${\rm SO(4)}$-invariant scalar potential as an example, we investigate the vacuum structures and the scalar mass spectra of the 2HTM.