Real-Time Power System Dynamic Simulation using Windowing based Waveform Relaxation Method

TL;DR

This paper introduces a windowing-based waveform relaxation method to enable real-time dynamic simulation of power systems, overcoming the limitations of traditional waveform relaxation in achieving the necessary speed for real-time applications.

Contribution

The paper proposes a novel windowing technique combined with waveform relaxation to significantly improve simulation speed for real-time power system dynamic analysis.

Findings

Windowing reduces solve time below simulation window length

Method achieves real-time performance on IEEE test system

Waveform relaxation benefits from windowing for faster computation

Abstract

Power system dynamic modeling involves nonlinear differential and algebraic equations (DAEs). Solving DAEs for large power grid networks by direct implicit numerical methods could be inefficient in terms of solution time; thus, such methods are not preferred when real-time or faster than real-time performance is sought. Hence, this paper revisits Waveform Relaxation (WR) algorithm, as a distributed computational technique to solve power system dynamic simulations. Case studies performed on the IEEE NE 10-generator 39-bus system demonstrate that, for a certain simulation time window, the solve time for WR method is larger than the length of the simulation window; thus, WR lacks the performance needed for real-time simulators, even for a small power network. To achieve real-time performance, then a Windowing technique is applied on top of the WR, for which the solve time was obtained less than the length of a simulation window, that shows the effectiveness of the proposed method for real-time dynamic simulation of power systems.