First Order Color Symmetry Breaking and Restoration Triggered by Electroweak Symmetry Non-restoration

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel mechanism for color symmetry breaking and restoration driven by electroweak symmetry non-restoration, predicting detectable gravitational wave signals from phase transitions.

Contribution

It proposes a new approach linking electroweak non-restoration to color symmetry dynamics, with potential gravitational wave signatures for future detection.

Findings

Color symmetry can spontaneously break and restore via first-order phase transitions.

Predicted gravitational wave signals could be observed by DECIGO and BBO.

The model offers an alternative pathway for baryogenesis.

Abstract

In this paper we propose a new approach for the spontaneous breaking and restoration of the $SU(3)_C$ color symmetry in the framework of electroweak symmetry non-restoration (EWSNR) at high temperature, which provides an alternative approach for the Baryogenesis. Due to the exotic high vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the SM Higgs doublet in EWSNR, the color symmetry can be spontaneous broken succeeding the electroweak phase transition whenever there is a negative quartic coupling between the SM Higgs and a scalar color triplet. The color symmetry is then restored at low temperature as the VEV of SM Higgs evolving to small value. We show that the phase transitions related to color breaking and restoration can be first order, and the stochastic gravitational wave (GW) signals are smoking-gun of these processes. We demonstrate the possibility of detecting these GW signals in future GW experiments such as DECIGO and BBO.