A Linear Relation Between the Color Stretch $s_{BV}$ and the Rising Color Slope $s_0^*(B-V)$ of Type Ia Supernovae

TL;DR

This paper identifies a linear relation between two color parameters of Type Ia supernovae, enabling more accessible luminosity estimation without precise peak timing, thus improving supernova standardization methods.

Contribution

It introduces a new linear relation between $s_{BV}$ and $s_0^*(B-V)$, facilitating luminosity inference without requiring peak time measurements.

Findings

Linear relation between $s_{BV}$ and $s_0^*(B-V)$ established.

$s_0^*(B-V)$ provides a less demanding luminosity indicator.

Relation applicable across the full range of $s_{BV}$.

Abstract

Using data from the Complete Nearby ($z_{host}<0.02$) sample of Type Ia Supernovae (CNIa0.02), we discover a linear relation between two parameters derived from the $B-V$ color curves of Type Ia supernovae: the "color stretch" $s_{BV}$ and the rising color slope $s_0^*(B-V)$ after the peak, and this relation applies to the full range of $s_{BV}$. The $s_{BV}$ parameter is known to be tightly correlated with the peak luminosity, and especially for "fast decliners" (dim Type Ia supernovae), and the luminosity correlation with $s_{BV}$ is markedly better than with the classic light-curve width parameters such as $\Delta{m_{15}(B)}$. Thus our new linear relation can be used to infer peak luminosity from $s_0^*$. Unlike $s_{BV}$ (or $\Delta{m_{15}}$), the measurement of $s_0^*(B-V)$ does not rely on the well-determined time of light-curve peak or color maximum, making it less demanding on the light-curve coverage than past approaches.