Analysis of identified particle transverse momentum spectra produced in pp, p--Pb and Pb--Pb collisions at the LHC using Tsallis--Pareto-type function

TL;DR

This study analyzes transverse momentum spectra of various hadrons produced in different collision systems at the LHC using a Tsallis-Pareto-type function within a multi-source thermal model, revealing consistent parameter trends across systems.

Contribution

It introduces a revised Tsallis transverse momentum distribution considering constituent quark contributions, applied to multiple collision systems at the LHC.

Findings

Parameters show similar trends across different systems and centralities.

Effective temperature and entropy index vary with hadron mass and quark content.

Model successfully describes the transverse momentum spectra.

Abstract

In the framework of a multi-source thermal model at the partonic-level, we have analyzed transverse momentum spectra of hadrons measured by the ALICE Collaboration in proton-proton ($pp$ or $p$-$p$) collisions at the center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 13 TeV, proton-lead ($p$-Pb) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV, and lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV. For meson(baryon), the contributions of two(three) constituent quarks are considered, in which each quark contributes to hadron transverse momentum to obey the revised phenomenological Tsallis transverse momentum distribution for the Maxwell-Boltzmann particles (the TP-like function in short) with isotropic random azimuthal angle. Three main parameters, namely, the revised index $a_0$, effective temperature $T$, and entropy-related index $n$ are obtained, which show the same tendency for small and large systems with respect to the centrality (or multiplicity) of events, rest mass of hadrons, and constituent mass of quarks.