Integrable Local and Non-local Vector Non-linear Schrodinger Equation with Balanced loss and Gain

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the integrability of local and non-local vector nonlinear Schrödinger equations with balanced loss and gain, deriving exact soliton solutions using inverse scattering and exploring the role of pseudo-hermitian linear terms.

Contribution

It introduces a class of integrable vector NLSE with linear terms characterized by pseudo-hermitian matrices and provides explicit soliton solutions via inverse scattering.

Findings

The systems possess a Lax pair and infinite conserved quantities.

Exact soliton solutions are obtained for both local and non-local cases.

The linear term's structure influences solution properties and polarization vectors.

Abstract

The local and non-local vector Non-linear Schrodinger Equation (NLSE) with a general cubic non-linearity are considered in presence of a linear term characterized, in general, by a non-hermitian matrix which under certain condition incorporates balanced loss and gain and a linear coupling between the complex fields of the governing non-linear equations. It is shown that the systems posses a Lax pair and an infinite number of conserved quantities and hence integrable. Apart from the particular form of the local and non-local reductions, the systems are integrable when the matrix representing the linear term is pseudo hermitian with respect to the hermitian matrix comprising the generic cubic non-linearity. The inverse scattering transformation method is employed to find exact soliton solutions for both the local and non-local cases. The presence of the linear term restricts the possible form of the norming constants and hence the polarization vector. It is shown that for integrable vector NLSE with a linear term, characterized by a pseudo-hermitian matrix, the inverse scattering transformation selects a particular class of solutions of the corresponding vector NLSE without the linear term and map it to the solution of the integrable vector NLSE with the linear term via a pseudo unitary transformation, for both the local and non-local cases.