NNLO nuclear parton distribution functions with electroweak-boson production data from the LHC

TL;DR

This paper develops new nuclear parton distribution functions at NNLO using diverse experimental data, improving theoretical accuracy and agreement with LHC electroweak-boson production measurements.

Contribution

It provides the first NNLO nuclear PDFs incorporating LHC electroweak-boson data and compares them with previous sets, enhancing the precision of nuclear parton distribution modeling.

Findings

Good agreement with experimental data included in the fit.

Lower chi-squared per data point at NNLO indicating improved fit quality.

Nuclear PDFs successfully applied to LHC electroweak-boson production data.

Abstract

We present new sets of nuclear parton distribution functions (nPDFs) at next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. Our analyses are based on deeply inelastic scattering data with charged-lepton and neutrino beams on nuclear targets, and experimental data from measurements of $W^{\pm},\,Z$ boson production in p+Pb collisions at the LHC. In addition, a set of proton baseline PDFs is fitted within the same framework and with the same theoretical assumptions. The results of our global QCD analysis are compared to existing nPDF sets and to the previous nPDF set TUJU19 which was based on DIS data only. Our work is performed using an open-source tool, xFitter, and the required extensions of the code are discussed as well. We find good agreement with the data included in the fit and a lower value for $\chi^2/N_{\mathrm{dp}}$ when performing the fit at next-to-next-to-leading order. We apply the resulting nuclear PDFs to electroweak-boson production in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC and compare the results to the most recent data from ATLAS and CMS.