Universal relations for rapidly rotating cold and hot hybrid star

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that certain universal relations between global parameters of compact stars hold true across various equations of state, including those with phase transitions, for both cold and hot hybrid stars.

Contribution

It confirms the universality of relations for maximum mass, radius, and moment of inertia across a wide range of EoS, including hybrid stars with phase transitions.

Findings

Universal relations hold for cold and hot nucleonic EoS.

Universal relations also hold for hybrid stars with phase transitions.

Fitted coefficients quantify the accuracy of these relations.

Abstract

Several global parameters of compact stars are related via empirical relations, which are (nearly) independent of the underlying equation of state (EoS) of dense matter and, therefore, are said to be universal. We investigate the universality of relations that express the maximum mass and the radius of non-rotating and maximally rapidly rotating configurations, as well as their moment of inertia, in terms of the compactness of the star. For this, we first utilize a collection of cold (zero-temperature) and hot (isentropic) nucleonic EoS and confirm that the universal relations are holding for our collection of EoS. We then go on, to add to our collection and test for the same universality models of EoS that admit a strong first-order phase transition from nucleonic to deconfined quark matter. Also in this case we find that the universal relations hold, in particular for hot, isentropic hybrid stars. By fitting the universal relations to our computed data, we determine the coefficients entering these relations and the accuracy to which they hold.