Physics Beyond the Standard Model with the J-PET detector

TL;DR

This paper discusses using the J-PET detector to test fundamental symmetries and search for new physics beyond the Standard Model through high-precision measurements of positronium properties.

Contribution

It introduces the application of the J-PET detector for precision tests of quantum electrodynamics and searches for new particles via positronium decay studies.

Findings

Potential to improve limits on CP and CPT violation in positronium decays.

Capability to detect invisible decays of ortho-Positronium.

Enhanced precision in positronium lifetime measurements.

Abstract

The Positronium (Ps) system, a bound state of an electron and a positron, is suitable for testing the predictions of quantum electrodynamics (QED), since its properties can be perturbatively calculated to high accuracy and, unlike the hydrogen system, is not affected by the finite size or QCD effects at the current experimental precision level. This makes the Ps atom a good laboratory to test the Fundamental Symmetries of Physics and also search for new particles not included in the Standard Model (SM) of physics. On one hand, time reversal (T) and CP symmetry violation have never been observed in pure leptonic systems like the Ps atom, and the current experimental limits for CP and CPT violation in the decays of Ps is currently set at the level of 10^-3, while for C violation are at the level of 10^-7. These limits are still six and two orders of magnitude lower than the expected precision of 10^-9 set by photon-photon interactions. Secondly, experiments searching for invisible decays of the Ps triplet state, the ortho-Positronium (o-Ps), which mainly decays to three photons, are being conducted, since they are sensitive to new physics scenarios, e.g. Mirror Matter (MM), a suitable Dark Matter candidate, proposed to restore parity (P) violation. By performing a high precision measurement of the o-Ps lifetime, the accuracy of the present QED calculations can be tested and a search for the invisible decays of the o-Ps can be performed. These studies are conducted with the novel total-body Positron-Electron Tomography (PET) scanner at the JagiellonianUniversity.