Alpha-alpha scattering in the Multiverse

TL;DR

This study explores how fundamental Standard Model parameters influence low-energy alpha-alpha scattering, providing improved predictions and analyzing the effects of parameter variations on phase shifts and resonances.

Contribution

It offers the first detailed calculation of alpha-alpha phase shifts incorporating multiple parameter variations and improved computational methods.

Findings

Positive pion mass shifts slightly affect S-wave phase shifts.

Lowering pion mass introduces repulsion in the alpha-alpha system.

Variations in the fine-structure constant have negligible impact.

Abstract

We investigate the phase shifts of low-energy alpha-alpha scattering under variations of the fundamental parameters of the Standard Model, namely the light quark mass, the electromagnetic fine-structure constant as well as the QCD theta-angle. As a first step, we recalculate alpha-alpha scattering in our Universe utilizing various improvements in the adiabatic projection method, which leads to an improved, parameter-free prediction of the S- and D-wave phase shifts for laboratory energies below 10 MeV. We find that positive shifts in the pion mass have a small effect on the S-wave phase shift, whereas lowering the pion mass adds some repulsion in the two-alpha system. The effect on the D-wave phase shift turns out to be more pronounced as signaled by the D-wave resonance parameters. Variations of the fine-structure constant have almost no effect on the low-energy alpha-alpha phase shifts. We further show that up-to-and-including next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion, variations of these phase shifts with respect to the QCD theta-angle can be expressed in terms of the theta-dependent pion mass.