Gate-Level Static Approximate Adders

TL;DR

This paper compares various static approximate adders for FPGA and ASIC implementations, evaluating their performance in image processing applications using error and design metrics to identify the most suitable options.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of static approximate adders, including error metrics and performance evaluation for FPGA and ASIC implementations, highlighting the best adder designs.

Findings

HOAANED, HERLOA, and M-HERLOA are identified as preferable approximate adders.

Performance metrics indicate trade-offs between accuracy and efficiency.

The analysis aids in selecting optimal approximate adders for practical applications.

Abstract

This work compares and analyzes static approximate adders which are suitable for FPGA and ASIC type implementations. We consider many static approximate adders and evaluate their performance with respect to a digital image processing application using standard figures of merit such as peak signal to noise ratio and structural similarity index metric. We provide the error metrics of approximate adders, and the design metrics of accurate and approximate adders corresponding to FPGA and ASIC type implementations. For the FPGA implementation, we considered a Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA, and for an ASIC type implementation, we considered a 32-28 nm CMOS standard digital cell library. While the inferences from this work could serve as a useful reference to determine an optimum static approximate adder for a practical application, in particular, we found approximate adders HOAANED, HERLOA and M-HERLOA to be preferable.