Structure and Evolution of Regular Galaxies

TL;DR

This paper synthesizes data on galaxy structure, kinematics, and evolution to develop models of the Milky Way and Andromeda, revealing limitations in reproducing observed galaxy rotation curves with known stellar populations.

Contribution

It introduces new methods for modeling galaxy structures and their evolution, integrating observational data with physical models, and provides detailed galaxy models and evolutionary theories.

Findings

Developed spatial and hydrodynamical models of the Galaxy and M31.

Reconstructed the Galaxy's dynamical evolution using stellar kinematics.

Concluded that known stellar populations cannot fully explain observed galaxy rotation curves.

Abstract

The Thesis is an attempt to combine data from three previously independent areas - the structure and kinematics of stellar populations of the Galaxy, photometric and dynamical models of galaxies, and models of the dynamical and physical evolution of galaxies. This synthesis was made with the goal to understand better the vast topic of the structure and evolution of galaxies. The main results of the study can be divided into methodical and astronomical. The methodical results are 1) extrapolation of the mass distribution function beyond the Sun distance, and the determination of the circular velocity at the Sun distance from the Galactic centre; 2) conditions of physical correctness of models are developed, and the generalised exponential model is suggested; 3) a method has been developed to construct spatial and hydrodynamical models of stellar systems, using a combination of observational data on populations, and data on physical evolution of populations. The main astronomical results are - 1) spatial and hydrodynamical models of the Galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy M31 are elaborated in several approximations; 2) the dynamical evolution of the Galaxy is reconstructed using kinematical characteristics of stellar populations of different ages; 3) on the basis of stellar evolutionary tracks and star formation function, a theory of the evolution of galaxies is elaborated. The basic conclusion of the study is: it is impossible to reproduce the observed rotation curves of galaxies with known stellar populations.