From hybrid polariton to dipolariton using non-hermitian Hamiltonians to handle particle lifetimes

TL;DR

This paper explores how non-Hermitian Hamiltonians can model the transition from hybrid polaritons to dipolaritons in coupled quantum wells under an electric field, highlighting the effects of particle lifetimes on these states.

Contribution

It introduces a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian approach to analyze the transformation from hybrid polaritons to dipolaritons and their spectral properties considering particle lifetimes.

Findings

Hybrid polaritons exhibit an exceptional point dependent on detuning and lifetimes.

Dipolaritons show anti-crossing behavior without an exceptional point.

Particle lifetimes significantly influence polaritonic state characteristics.

Abstract

We consider photons strongly coupled to the excitonic excitations of a coupled quantum well, in the presence of an electric field. We show how under a field increase, the hybrid polariton made of photon coupled to hybrid carriers lying in the two wells, transforms into a dipolariton made of photon coupled to direct and indirect excitons. We also show how the cavity photon lifetime and the coherence time of the carrier wave vectors, that we analytically handle through non-hermitian Hamiltonians, affect these polaritonic states. While the hybrid polaritons display a spectral singularity, where the eigenvalues coalesce and known as exceptional point, that depends on detuning and lifetimes, we find that the three dipolaritonic states display an anti-crossing without exceptional point, due to interaction between photons, direct and indirect excitons.