Correction to black hole radiation due to pair annihilation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how pair annihilation of charged scalar particles near a black hole slightly modifies the emitted photon spectrum, showing that interactions are too weak to significantly alter Hawking radiation.

Contribution

It introduces a correction to black hole radiation spectrum accounting for pair annihilation interactions, using the WKB approximation to estimate their effect.

Findings

Pair annihilation produces photons that slightly modify the emission spectrum.

Most interactions occur near the event horizon but are too infrequent to cause major spectral changes.

Results challenge claims of significant interaction effects on Hawking radiation.

Abstract

We consider the emission of charged scalar particles from a Schwarzschild black hole. It is shown that these particles can interact with each other through pair annihilation, and as a result, produce photons. These photons make a correction to the spectrum of photons that are directly emitted from the black hole. By solving field equations using the WKB approximation, the pair annihilation rate is taken into account for the most probable case, i.e., the first order, and therefore the correction will be of the order of $e^2$. Considering this scenario, we show that most interactions take place near the event horizon of the black hole, yet the number of interactions is not large enough to make a remarkable modification in the radiation spectrum of particles. These results refute the claims that interactions cause immense changes in the Hawking radiation spectrum of a black hole.