Software Micro-Rejuvenation for Android Mobile Systems

TL;DR

This paper introduces a fine-grained, configurable micro-rejuvenation method for Android devices that targets in-memory data structures to mitigate software aging without disrupting user experience.

Contribution

It presents a novel, two-phase approach combining heap profiling and in-memory cleanup to counteract software aging in Android systems at a micro-level.

Findings

Significant improvements in device responsiveness.

Extended time to failure for Android systems.

Minimal impact on user perception and device availability.

Abstract

Software aging -- the phenomenon affecting many long-running systems, causing performance degradation or an increasing failure rate over mission time, and eventually leading to failure - is known to affect mobile devices and their operating systems, too. Software rejuvenation -- the technique typically used to counteract aging -- may compromise the user's perception of availability and reliability of the personal device, if applied at a coarse grain, e.g., by restarting applications or, worse, rebooting the entire device. This article proposes a configurable micro-rejuvenation technique to counteract software aging in Android-based mobile devices, acting at a fine-grained level, namely on in-memory system data structures. The technique is engineered in two phases. Before releasing the (customized) Android version, a heap profiling facility is used by the manufacturer's developers to identify potentially bloating data structures in Android services and to instrument their code. After release, an aging detection and rejuvenation service will safely clean up the bloating data structures, with a negligible impact on user perception and device availability, as neither the device nor operating system's processes are restarted. The results of experiments show the ability of the technique to provide significant gains in aging mobile operating system responsiveness and time to failure.