Bistable soliton switching dynamics in a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric coupler with saturable nonlinearity

TL;DR

This paper explores the complex switching behavior of bistable solitons in a $ ext{PT}$-symmetric fiber coupler with saturable nonlinearity, revealing richer dynamics and potential for ultrafast, low-power all-optical switching.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of soliton switching in a $ ext{PT}$-symmetric saturable nonlinear coupler, including numerical and analytical approaches, highlighting new control parameters and practical design guidelines.

Findings

Richer soliton switching dynamics than conventional systems.

Potential for ultrafast, low-power all-optical switching.

Analytical variational method accurately predicts numerical results.

Abstract

We investigate the switching dynamics in a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric fiber coupler composed of a saturable nonlinear material as the core. In such a saturable nonlinear medium, bistable solitons may evolve due to the balance between dispersion and saturable nonlinearity, which we extend in the context of the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric coupler. Our investigations of power-controlled and phase-sensitive switching show richer soliton switching dynamics than the currently existing conventional counterparts, which may lead to ultrafast and efficient all-optical switching dynamics at very low power owing to the combined effects of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry and saturable nonlinearity. In addition to the input power, the relative phase of the input solitons and saturable coefficient are additional controlling parameters that efficiently tailor the switching dynamics. Also, we provide a suitable range of system and pulse parameters that would be helpful for the practical realization of the coupler to use in all-optical switching devices and photonic circuits. Finally, we develop a variational approach to analytically investigate the switching dynamics in such $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric couplers that excellently predicts the numerical findings.