The Transit Timing and Atmosphere of Hot Jupiter HAT-P-37b

TL;DR

This study refines the physical parameters of hot Jupiter HAT-P-37b, investigates potential additional planets via TTVs, and suggests a cloudy atmosphere with some spectral anomalies.

Contribution

It provides new transit data, updates system parameters, and explores the possibility of a sub-Earth mass planet influencing TTVs, along with atmospheric characterization.

Findings

Potential additional planet causing TTVs near 1:2 resonance.

Exclusion of Saturn-mass planet with period under 6 days.

Atmospheric spectrum indicates a cloudy atmosphere with anomalies.

Abstract

The transit timing variation (TTV) and transmission spectroscopy analyses of the planet HAT-P-37b, which is a hot Jupiter orbiting an G-type star, were performed. Nine new transit light curves are obtained and analysed together with 21 published light curves from the literature. The updated physical parameters of HAT-P-37b are presented. The TTV analyses show a possibility that the system has an additional planet which induced the TTVs amplitude signal of 1.74 $\pm$ 0.17 minutes. If the body is located near the 1:2 mean motion resonance orbit, the sinusoidal TTV signal could be caused by the gravitational interaction of a sub-Earth mass planet with mass of 0.06 $M_\oplus$. From the analysis of an upper mass limit for the second planet, the Saturn mass planet with orbital period less than 6 days is excluded. The broad-band transmission spectra of HAT-P-37b favours a cloudy atmospheric model with an outlier spectrum in $B$-filter.